Faktor Konversi Unit
Faktor konversi ditunjukkan di
bawah ini adalah perkiraan dan diambil dari berbagai sumber. Ketika berhadapan
dengan hidrokarbon cair atau gas, volume aktual, berat, massa, atau konten
panas mungkin tergantung pada berbagai faktor seperti berat jenis cairan,
jumlah (jika ada) air yang masuk dalam campuran, suhu dan tekanan di mana
pengukuran dilakukan, dan faktor lainnya. Akibatnya, dalam banyak kasus tidak
ada faktor tunggal yang dapat digunakan untuk konversi. Faktor-faktor di bawah
ini dapat digunakan sebagai aturan praktis dan akan berfungsi untuk tujuan
perbandingan umum atau perhitungan. Faktor konversi termal mengukur konten
pemanasan setara dari berbagai bahan bakar di British Thermal Units (Btus). Di
AS, praktik yang umum adalah menggunakan nilai kotor atau batas atas rentang
nilai konten panas untuk produk tertentu. Di Eropa, tarif tingkat panas bersih
atau lebih rendah biasanya digunakan. Perbedaannya adalah jumlah energi yang
dikonsumsi untuk menguapkan air yang tercipta selama proses pembakaran. Perbedaan
ini biasanya 2 hingga 10%, tergantung pada bahan bakar spesifik dan kandungan
hidrogennya. Beberapa bahan bakar, seperti kayu yang tidak beralasan, dapat
lebih dari 40% berbeda dalam tingkat kandungan panas kotor dan bersihnya.
[Sumber: Departemen Energi AS, Administrasi Informasi Energi] Tabel konversi
termasuk:
·
Volume
·
Mass/Weight
·
Length
·
Area
·
Energy
·
Approximate Heat Content of Petroleum
Products
·
Million Btu (MMBtu) per Barrel
Volume
Unit
|
Multiplied
By
|
Approximate
Conversion Factor
|
Equals
|
Unit
|
Barrels of oil
(bbl)
|
X
|
42
|
=
|
US gallons (gal)
|
Barrels of oil
(bbl)
|
X
|
34.97
|
=
|
Imperial gallons
(UK gal)
|
Barrels of oil
(bbl)
|
X
|
0.136
|
=
|
Tonnes of oil
equivalent (toe)
|
Barrels of oil
(bbl)
|
X
|
0.1589873
|
=
|
Cubic meters (m3)
|
Barrels of oil
equivalent (boe)
|
X
|
5,658.53
|
=
|
Cubic feet (f3) of
natural gas
|
Tonnes of oil
equivalent (toe)
|
X
|
7.33 [1]
|
=
|
Barrels of oil
equivalent (boe)
|
Cubic yards (y3)
|
X
|
0.764555
|
=
|
Cubic meters (m3)
|
Cubic feet (f3)
|
X
|
0.02831685
|
=
|
Cubic meters (m3)
|
Cubic feet (f3) of
natural gas
|
X
|
0.0001767
|
=
|
Barrels of oil
equivalent (boe)
|
US gallons (gal)
|
X
|
0.0238095
|
=
|
Barrels (bbl)
|
US gallons (gal)
|
X
|
3.785412
|
=
|
Liters (l)
|
US gallons (gal)
|
X
|
0.8326394
|
=
|
Imperial gallons
(UK gal)
|
Imperial gallons
(UK gal)
|
X
|
1.201
|
=
|
US gallons (gal)
|
Imperial gallons
(UK gal)
|
X
|
4.545
|
=
|
Liters (l)
|
[1] This
conversion can range from 6.5 to 7.9 depending on the type of crude oil. This
factor is intended to provide an approximation that can be used when the
exact factor is unknown.
"[1] Konversi ini dapat berkisar dari 6,5 hingga 7,9 tergantung pada jenis minyak mentah. Faktor ini dimaksudkan untuk memberikan perkiraan yang dapat digunakan ketika faktor yang tepat tidak diketahui."
|
Mass/Weight
Unit
|
Multiplied
By
|
Approximate
Conversion Factor
|
Equals
|
Unit
|
Short tons
|
X
|
2,000
|
=
|
Pounds (lb)
|
Short tons
|
X
|
0.9071847
|
=
|
Metric tonnes (t)
|
Long tons
|
X
|
1.016047
|
=
|
Metric tonnes (t)
|
Long tons
|
X
|
2,240
|
=
|
Pounds (lb)
|
Metric tonnes (t)
|
X
|
1,000
|
=
|
Kilograms (kg)
|
Metric tonnes (t)
|
X
|
0.9842
|
=
|
Long tons
|
Metric tonnes (t)
|
X
|
1.102
|
=
|
Short tons
|
Pounds (lb)
|
X
|
0.45359237
|
=
|
Kilograms (kg)
|
Kilograms (kg)
|
X
|
2.2046
|
=
|
Pounds (lb)
|
Length
Unit
|
Multiplied
By
|
Approximate
Conversion Factor
|
Equals
|
Unit
|
Miles (mi)
|
X
|
1.609344
|
=
|
Kilometer (km)
|
Yards (yd)
|
X
|
0.9144
|
=
|
Meters (m)
|
Feet (ft)
|
X
|
0.3048
|
=
|
Meters (m)
|
Inches (in)
|
X
|
2.54
|
=
|
centimeters (cm)
|
Kilometer (km)
|
X
|
0.62137
|
=
|
miles (mi)
|
Area
Unit
|
Multiplied
By
|
Approximate
Conversion Factor
|
Equals
|
Unit
|
Acres
|
X
|
0.40469
|
=
|
Hectares (ha)
|
Square miles (mi2)
|
X
|
2.589988
|
=
|
Square kilometers
(km2)
|
Square yards (yd2)
|
X
|
0.8361274
|
=
|
Square meters (m2)
|
Square feet (ft2)
|
X
|
0.09290304
|
=
|
Square meters (m2)
|
Square inches
(in2)
|
X
|
6.4516
|
=
|
Square centimeters
(cm2)
|
Energy
Unit
|
Multiplied
By
|
Approximate
Conversion Factor
|
Equals
|
Unit
|
British Thermal
Units (Btus)
|
X
|
1,055.05585262
|
=
|
Joules (J)
|
Calories (cal)
|
X
|
4.1868
|
=
|
Joules (J)
|
Kilowatt hours
(kWh)
|
X
|
3.6
|
=
|
Megajoules (MJ)
|
Therms
|
X
|
100,000
|
=
|
British thermal
units (Btus)
|
Tonnes of oil
equivalent
|
X
|
10,000,000
|
=
|
Kilocalories
(kcal)
|
Tonnes of oil
equivalent
|
X
|
396.83
|
=
|
Therms
|
Tonnes of oil
equivalent
|
X
|
41.868
|
=
|
Gigajoules (GJ)
|
Tonnes of oil
equivalent
|
X
|
11,630
|
=
|
Kilowatt hours
(kWh)
|
Cubic feet (f3) of
natural gas
|
X
|
1,025
|
=
|
British Thermal
Units (Btus)
|
Approximate Heat Content of Petroleum
Products Million Btu (MMBtu) per Barrel
"Perkiraan Panas Konten Produk Minyak Bumi Juta Btu (MMBtu) per Barrel"
Energy
Source
|
MMBtu/bbl
|
Energy
Source
|
MMBtu/bbl
|
Crude Oil
|
5.800
|
Natural Gasoline
|
4.620
|
Natural Gas Plant
Liquids
|
3.735
|
Pentanes Plus
|
4.620
|
Asphalt
|
6.636
|
Petrochemical
Feedstocks:
|
Aviation Gasoline
|
5.048
|
Naphtha < 401°
F
|
5.248
|
Butane
|
4.326
|
Other oils >=
401° F
|
5.825
|
Butane-Propane
(60/40) Mixture
|
4.130
|
Still Gas
|
6.000
|
Distillate Fuel
Oil
|
5.825
|
Petroleum Coke
|
6.024
|
Ethane
|
3.082
|
Plant Condensate
|
5.418
|
Ethane-Propane
(70/30) Mixture
|
3.308
|
Propane
|
3.836
|
Isobutane
|
3.974
|
Residual Fuel Oil
|
6.287
|
Jet Fuel,
Kerosene-type
|
5.670
|
Road Oil
|
6.636
|
Jet Fuel,
Naphtha-type
|
5.355
|
Special Naphthas
|
5.248
|
Kerosene
|
5.670
|
Still Gas
|
6.000
|
Lubricants
|
6.065
|
Unfinshed Oils
|
5.825
|
Motor Gasoline -
Conventional 5
|
5.253
|
Unfractionated
Stream
|
5.418
|
Motor Gasoline -
Oxygenated or Reformulated
|
5.150
|
Waxes
|
5.537
|
Motor Gasoline -
Fuel Ethanol
|
3.539
|
Miscellaneous
|
5.796
|
Source: U.S.
Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration (2001)
|
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